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Topic 1: The Orbit Q-1: The bony orbit is formed by how many bones? (AIIMS optometry mcqs) a. 5 Bones b. 6 Bones c. 7 Bones d. 8 Bones Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. 7 BonesEach orbit is formed by the fusion of seven bones: frontal, ethmoid, lacrimal, palatine, maxilla, zygomatic, and sphenoid. Show less . . Q-2: Which is the thinnest and most fragile wall of the orbit? (DHA optometry mcqs) a. Superior wall b. Inferior wall c. Medial wall d. Lateral wall Struggling with your optometry government job preparation? Let Samir Sir, the founder of Smart Optometry, guide you to success. Enroll in our "Gov Job Preparation" course, and we'll provide the roadmap. Your dream job at AIIMS, RRB, or DHS is within reach! Enroll Now! Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. Medial wallThe medial wall, primarily formed by the paper-thin orbital plate of the ethmoid bone (lamina papyracea), is the thinnest wall of the orbit and is easily fractured. Show less . . Q-3: Which of the following structures pass through the optic canal? (RRB optometry mcqs) a. Oculomotor and vein b. Optic nerve and artery c. Trochlear and artery d. Optic nerve and vein Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. Optic nerve and arteryThe optic canal, located at the orbital apex, transmits the optic nerve (surrounded by its meningeal sheaths) and the ophthalmic artery into the orbital cavity. Show less . . Q-4: What fraction of the total orbital volume does the eyeball occupy? (HAAD optometry mcqs) a. One-third b. One-fourth c. One-fifth d. One-half Preparing for your Optometry License Exam? Our "MCQs in Optometry" course is specifically designed to help you succeed. With 1000+ previous year Prometric MCQs and guidance from Samir Sir, you'll be ready for exams like DHA, HAAD, MOH, and SMLE. Enroll Today! Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. One-fifthThe eyeball occupies about one-fifth (20%) of the total orbital volume. The remaining space is filled with extraocular muscles, fat, nerves, and blood vessels. Show less . . Topic 2: Parts & Ocular Structure Q-5: What is the average anteroposterior diameter of a normal adult eyeball? (GSSSB optometry mcqs) a. 22 mm b. 23 mm c. 24 mm d. 25 mm Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. 24 mmThe standard anteroposterior diameter of an adult eyeball is approximately 24 mm. The horizontal (23.5 mm) and vertical (23 mm) diameters are slightly smaller. Show less . . Q-6: Which axis of the eye joins the point of fixation, the nodal point, and the fovea? (MOH optometry mcqs) a. Visual axis b. Optical axis c. Fixation axis d. Pupillary axis Unlock your potential with our "Gov Job Preparation" course. Gain access to a massive library of 5000+ subject-wise MCQs, 1000+ previous year questions, detailed notes, and video lectures. Everything you need for exams like GSSSB, PSC, and DMER is in one place. Start Learning Today! Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: a. Visual axisThe visual axis is the true line of sight, connecting the object being looked at (fixation point) with the fovea, passing through the eye's nodal point. Show less . . Q-7: A positive angle kappa, where the visual axis is nasal to the pupillary axis, results in what clinical appearance? (UPSSSC optometry mcqs) a. Pseudo-outward deviation b. Pseudo-inward deviation c. Upward deviation d. Downward deviation Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: a. Pseudo-outward deviationAngle kappa is the angle between the visual axis and the pupillary line. A positive angle kappa gives the appearance of an outward deviation of the eye (pseudoexotropia). Show less . . Q-8: What is the approximate depth of the anterior chamber in a normal adult? (SMLE optometry mcqs) a. 2.0 mm b. 3.0 mm c. 4.0 mm d. 5.0 mm Confidence comes from practice. Our "MCQs in Optometry" course gives you an edge with over 6000 MCQs, including subject-wise and previous year Prometric questions. Master every topic and walk into your license exam fully prepared. Start Practicing Now! Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. 3.0 mmThe central depth of the anterior chamber in a normal adult is about 3.0 mm. It is typically shallower in hypermetropes and deeper in myopes. Show less . . Topic 3: The Cornea Q-9: What is the approximate net refractive power of the cornea? (DMER optometry mcqs) a. +20 D b. +43 D c. +58 D d. -5 D Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. +43 DThe cornea is the most powerful refracting surface of the eye. Its anterior surface has a power of about +48 D and its posterior surface about -5 D, resulting in a net power of approximately +43 D. Show less . . Q-10: Which layer of the cornea, once destroyed, is incapable of regeneration and heals by forming a scar? (NHRA optometry mcqs) a. Epithelium b. Bowman's layer c. Stroma d. Descemet's membrane Prepare for a full year of opportunities! Our "Gov Job Preparation" course gives you 12 months of access to top-quality materials and support. Cover all major exams like UPSSSC and Ophthalmic Officer without buying multiple courses. It's the smartest investment for your career. Join the Course! Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. Bowman's layerBowman's layer is an acellular, condensed layer of stroma that shows considerable resistance to injury but cannot regenerate if destroyed. This leads to the formation of a permanent corneal scar. Show less . . Q-11: Which corneal layer is responsible for maintaining corneal transparency by actively pumping water out of the stroma? (Ophthalmic Assistant optometry mcqs) a. Epithelium b. Stroma c. Descemet's membrane d. Endothelium Navigate your license exam preparation with an expert by your side. Join the "MCQs in Optometry" course and get direct guidance from Samir Sir, founder of Smart Optometry. We take responsibility for your preparation, so you can focus on learning. Join the Course! Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: d. EndotheliumThe endothelium is a single layer of cells containing an active pump mechanism. This pump maintains the stroma in a state of relative dehydration, which is essential for corneal transparency. Show less . . Q-12: The corneal endothelium has a limited capacity for regeneration. Corneal decompensation and edema typically occur when the cell count drops below what threshold? a. 2000 cells/mm² b. 1500 cells/mm² c. 1000 cells/mm² d. 500 cells/mm² Don't study alone! Our "Gov Job Preparation" course includes group chat and live support to clear all your doubts instantly. With guidance from Samir Sir and a community of fellow aspirants, you'll stay motivated and on track. Get Started Now! Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: d. 500 cells/mm²A healthy young adult has an endothelial cell count of around 2400–3000 cells/mm². Due to a large functional reserve, corneal decompensation does not usually occur until the cell count falls below 500 cells/mm². Show less . . Topic 4: Limbus & Sclera Q-13: Which surgical incision for cataract surgery is considered the safest because it is least likely to damage the trabecular meshwork or cause Descemet's stripping? (KMLTTB optometry mcqs) a. Scleral incision b. Mid-limbal incision c. Anterior limbal incision d. Clear corneal incision Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. Mid-limbal incisionThe mid-limbal incision, which corresponds externally to the mid-limbal line and internally to Schwalbe's line, is considered the preferred and safest site for entry into the eye. Show less . . Q-14: Where is the sclera thinnest? (Refractionist mcqs) a. At the posterior pole b. At the limbus c. At the equator d. At muscle insertion points Why settle for less? The "MCQs in Optometry" course is your all-in-one solution. For a full year, you get access to thousands of MCQs, theory notes, videos, group chat, and live support. It's the only resource you'll need to pass your exam. Get Full Access! Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: d. At muscle insertion pointsThe sclera is thickest posteriorly (1 mm) but is thinnest (0.3 mm) where the rectus muscles insert. This area is therefore vulnerable to rupture from trauma. Show less . . Q-15: What is the lamina cribrosa? (DOH optometry mcqs) a. Innermost sclera layer b. Episcleral blood network c. Sieve-like sclera portion d. Sclera-cornea junction Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. Sieve-like sclera portionThe lamina cribrosa is a mesh-like structure in the posterior scleral foramen that allows the axons of the retinal ganglion cells to exit the eyeball and form the optic nerve. It is a common site of injury in glaucoma. Show less . . Q-16: What is the primary reason for the sclera's opacity, in contrast to the cornea's transparency? (Technical officer ophthalmology mcqs) a. High water content b. Irregular collagen fibrils c. Presence of blood vessels d. Absence of keratocytes Ready to secure your government job in optometry? The "Gov Job Preparation" course is your final destination. With a proven success strategy, expert mentorship, and over 6000 MCQs, we make your preparation seamless and effective. Click the link to begin your journey! Enroll for Success! Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. Irregular collagen fibrilsUnlike the uniformly arranged, small-diameter collagen fibrils in the cornea, the scleral collagen fibrils have a wide variation in diameter and are irregularly spaced. This irregular arrangement causes them to scatter light and appear opaque. Show less . . Topic 5: The Uveal Tract Q-17: Which muscle of the iris is responsible for constricting the pupil (miosis), and what is its nerve supply? (AIIMS optometry mcqs) a. Sphincter pupillae (Parasympathetic) b. Dilator pupillae (Sympathetic) c. Sphincter pupillae (Sympathetic) d. Dilator pupillae (Parasympathetic) Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: a. Sphincter pupillae (Parasympathetic)The sphincter pupillae is a circular muscle in the pupillary part of the iris that constricts the pupil. It is innervated by parasympathetic fibres from the oculomotor nerve (CN III). Show less . . Q-18: What is the primary action of the ciliary muscle? (DHA optometry mcqs) a. Increase aqueous production b. Flatten the lens c. Accommodation for near d. Drain aqueous humor Your optometry license is just a step away. Enroll in our "MCQs in Optometry" course and let us handle the rest. With expert guidance and a comprehensive question bank, success is guaranteed. Click here to start your journey to becoming a licensed optometrist! Enroll for Your License! Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. Accommodation for nearContraction of the ciliary muscle releases tension on the zonular fibres (suspensory ligaments). This allows the elastic lens to assume a more rounded shape, increasing its refractive power for focusing on near objects. Show less . . Q-19: Which layer of the choroid consists of a rich capillary network responsible for nourishing the outer layers of the retina? (RRB optometry mcqs) a. Suprachoroidal lamina b. Stroma layers c. Choriocapillaris d. Bruch's membrane Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. ChoriocapillarisThe choriocapillaris is a dense, single-layered network of wide-lumened capillaries. It provides nourishment to the retinal pigment epithelium and the outer retinal layers, including the photoreceptors. Show less . . Q-20: The venous drainage from the entire choroid, iris, and ciliary body is primarily collected by which vessels? (HAAD optometry mcqs) a. Central retinal vein b. Anterior ciliary veins c. Venae verticosae d. Ophthalmic veins Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. Venae verticosaeThe four (or more) vortex veins are the primary drainage channels for the entire uveal tract. They pierce the sclera obliquely behind the equator to drain into the ophthalmic veins. Show less . . Topic 6: The Crystalline Lens Q-21: Which surface of the crystalline lens is more convex? (GSSSB optometry mcqs) a. Anterior surface b. Posterior surface c. Equatorial surface d. Both surfaces are equal Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. Posterior surfaceThe posterior surface of the lens is significantly more curved (radius of curvature ~6 mm) than the anterior surface (radius of curvature ~10 mm). This contributes to its overall refractive power. Show less . . Q-22: Which of the following statements about the lens capsule is TRUE? (MOH optometry mcqs ) a. Thinnest at anterior pole b. Thickest basement membrane c. Contains elastic tissue d. It is a cellular layer Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. Thickest basement membraneThe lens capsule is a non-cellular, transparent membrane composed mainly of type IV collagen. It is the thickest basement membrane in the body and is highly elastic despite lacking true elastic fibres. Show less . . Q-23: Where are new lens fibres continuously formed throughout life? (UPSSSC optometry mcqs) a. Central anterior epithelium b. Posterior pole c. Equatorial anterior epithelium d. From the lens nucleus Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. Equatorial anterior epitheliumThe cells in the germinative zone at the equatorial region of the anterior lens epithelium are actively dividing and elongating to form new lens fibres. This process continues throughout life and causes the lens to grow. Show less . . Q-24: How does the accommodative power of the lens typically change with age? (SMLE optometry mcqs) a. It increases b. It stays constant c. It decreases d. It decreases after 60 Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. It decreasesThe lens gradually loses its elasticity with age, leading to a progressive decline in its ability to accommodate. This power decreases from a high of 14-16 dioptres in infancy to only 1-2 dioptres by age 50, a condition known as presbyopia. Show less . . Topic 7: The Vitreous Body Q-25: The vitreous humour is an inert, transparent gel composed of approximately what? (DMER optometry mcqs) a. 90% water, 10% proteins b. 99% proteins, 1% water c. 50% water, 50% collagen d. 99% water, collagen, and acid Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: d. 99% water, collagen, and acidThe vitreous is the largest and simplest connective tissue in the body, consisting of about 99% water. The remaining 1% is a complex network of type II collagen fibrils and hyaluronic acid molecules, which give it a gel-like consistency. Show less . . Q-26: What is the hyaloid canal (Cloquet's canal)? (SCFHS optometry mcqs) a. Aqueous drainage channel b. Space between vitreous, retina c. Remnant of fetal artery d. Vitreous-ciliary attachment Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. Remnant of fetal arteryCloquet's canal is a clear, central channel within the vitreous that marks the former path of the hyaloid artery. This artery supplied the developing lens during fetal life and subsequently regressed. Show less . . Q-27: The anterior hyaloid membrane is attached to the posterior lens capsule in a circular ring by which structure? (Ophthalmic Assistant optometry mcqs) a. Hyaloidocapsular ligament b. Ora serrata c. Zonular fibres d. Retrolental ligament Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: a. Hyaloidocapsular ligamentThe hyaloidocapsular ligament (of Wieger) is a firm, ring-shaped adhesion, about 9 mm in diameter, between the anterior face of the vitreous and the posterior capsule of the lens. Show less . . Q-28: What are the resident cells of the vitreous, primarily found in the cortical vitreous, which are thought to synthesize collagen and hyaluronic acid? (NHRA optometry mcqs) a. Fibroblasts b. Hyalocytes c. Astrocytes d. Macrophages Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. HyalocytesHyalocytes are the intrinsic cells of the vitreous, located in the cortical layer near the retinal surface. These cells are believed to be responsible for the metabolism of the vitreous, including the synthesis of its structural components. Show less . . Topic 8: The Retina Q-29: Which specialized area of the retina provides the sharpest, most detailed central vision? (Refractionist mcqs) a. Fovea centralis b. Optic disc c. Ora serrata d. Peripheral retina Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: a. Fovea centralisThe fovea centralis is a small depression in the center of the macula that contains the highest concentration of cone photoreceptors. This anatomical specialization is responsible for high-acuity vision used for reading and driving. Show less . . Q-30: Which statement correctly describes the distribution of photoreceptors in the retina? (KMLTTB optometry mcqs) a. Rods most at fovea b. Cones evenly distributed c. Rods absent at fovea d. Both absent at disc Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. Rods absent at foveaThe fovea contains a "rod-free zone" to maximize visual acuity, with cones being densely packed. Rods are responsible for night and peripheral vision and are most numerous in a ring-shaped zone surrounding the macula. Show less . . Q-31: Which retinal layer forms the outer blood-retinal barrier, controlling the passage of substances from the choroid to the retina? (Technical officer ophthalmology mcqs) a. Retinal pigment epithelium b. Inner nuclear layer c. Ganglion cell layer d. Nerve fibre layer Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: a. Retinal pigment epitheliumThe RPE cells are connected by tight junctions (zonulae occludens), which form the outer blood-retinal barrier. This barrier is crucial for maintaining the specific biochemical environment required for photoreceptor function. Show less . . Q-32: The inner six layers of the retina receive their primary blood supply from which vessel? (DOH optometry mcqs) a. Choriocapillaris b. Central retinal artery c. Long posterior arteries d. Vortex veins Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. Central retinal arteryThe retina has a dual blood supply. The outer four layers are nourished by the choriocapillaris, while the inner six layers are supplied by the central retinal artery and its branches, which are end-arteries. Show less . . Topic 9: The Visual Pathway Q-33: The optic nerve is divided into four parts. Which part is the longest? (AIIMS optometry mcqs) a. Intraocular part (1mm) b. Intraorbital part (30mm) c. Intracanalicular part (6-9mm) d. Intracranial part (10mm) Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. Intraorbital part (30mm)The intraorbital portion of the optic nerve, which extends from the back of the eyeball to the optic canal, is the longest segment at approximately 30 mm. Its length provides slack for eye movements. Show less . . Q-34: What is the characteristic arrangement of nerve fibre decussation (crossing) at the optic chiasma? (DHA optometry mcqs) a. All fibres cross b. Nasal fibres cross c. Temporal fibres cross d. No fibres cross Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. Nasal fibres crossAt the optic chiasma, fibres from the nasal (medial) half of each retina decussate to the contralateral optic tract. Fibres from the temporal (lateral) half of each retina do not cross and continue into the ipsilateral optic tract. Show less . . Q-35: In the lateral geniculate body (LGB), which layers receive synaptic input from the contralateral (opposite) eye? (RRB optometry mcqs) a. Layers 1, 4, and 6 b. Layers 2, 3, and 5 c. Layers 1, 3, and 5 d. Layers 2, 4, and 6 Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: a. Layers 1, 4, and 6The LGB has six distinct layers. Fibres from the contralateral eye (carrying information from the temporal visual field) synapse in layers 1, 4, and 6. Fibres from the ipsilateral eye synapse in layers 2, 3, and 5. Show less . . Q-36: Where is the primary visual cortex (Area 17 or V1), the main destination for visual information, located? (HAAD optometry mcqs) a. Frontal lobe b. Temporal lobe c. Occipital lobe d. Parietal lobe Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. Occipital lobeThe primary visual cortex is located on the medial surface of the occipital lobe, primarily in the tissue surrounding the calcarine fissure. This is where conscious perception of vision begins. Show less . . Topic 10: Extraocular Muscles (EOM) Q-37: The four rectus muscles (superior, inferior, medial, lateral) originate from what common fibrous structure at the orbital apex? (GSSSB optometry mcqs) a. Annulus of Zinn b. Trochlea c. Orbital septum d. Periorbita Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: a. Annulus of ZinnThe four recti originate from the Annulus of Zinn, a common tendinous ring that encircles the optic canal and part of the superior orbital fissure at the apex of the orbit. Show less . . Q-38: The scleral insertion points of the four rectus muscles are not equidistant from the limbus, instead forming an imaginary line known as what? (MOH optometry mcqs ) a. Circle of Zinn b. Spiral of Tillaux c. Equator of the eye d. Annulus of Zinn Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. Spiral of TillauxThe insertions of the medial rectus (5.5 mm), inferior rectus (6.5 mm), lateral rectus (6.9 mm), and superior rectus (7.7 mm) form a spiral, not a perfect circle, known as the Spiral of Tillaux. Show less . . Q-39: Which cranial nerve is responsible for innervating the lateral rectus muscle, which abducts the eye? (UPSSSC optometry mcqs) a. Third cranial nerve b. Fourth cranial nerve c. Sixth cranial nerve d. Fifth cranial nerve Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. Sixth cranial nerveThe lateral rectus muscle is innervated solely by the abducent nerve (CN VI). Its function is to abduct the eye (turn it outward). A common mnemonic is LR6SO4 (Lateral Rectus by 6, Superior Oblique by 4, the rest by 3). Show less . . Q-40: Which extraocular muscle is the longest and thinnest, with its action being redirected by a pulley-like structure called the trochlea? (SMLE optometry mcqs) a. Inferior oblique b. Superior rectus c. Medial rectus d. Superior oblique Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: d. Superior obliqueThe superior oblique is the longest (total length ~60 mm) and thinnest of the extraocular muscles. Its tendon passes through the trochlea, which acts as a physiological origin, redirecting the muscle's pull to cause intorsion, depression, and abduction. Show less . . Topic 11: The Conjunctiva Q-41: Which cells, found abundantly in the conjunctival epithelium, are responsible for secreting the mucin layer of the tear film? (DMER optometry mcqs) a. Melanocytes b. Lymphocytes c. Goblet cells d. Epithelial basal cells Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. Goblet cellsGoblet cells are specialized, mucin-secreting glands located within the conjunctival epithelium. The mucin they produce is essential for lubricating the ocular surface and ensuring the stability of the tear film. Show less . . Q-42: The adenoid (lymphoid) layer of the conjunctiva is not well-developed at birth. What is the clinical significance of this? (SCFHS optometry mcqs) a. More prone to allergies b. No follicular reaction c. Cannot produce mucus d. More transparent Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. No follicular reactionThe adenoid layer, which contains lymphoid tissue that forms follicles in response to inflammation, typically develops 2-3 months after birth. Therefore, newborns and young infants do not exhibit a follicular response in conjunctivitis. Show less . . Q-43: The lymphatic vessels from the lateral side of the conjunctiva drain primarily into which lymph nodes? (Ophthalmic Assistant optometry mcqs) a. Submandibular b. Submental c. Deep cervical d. Preauricular Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: d. PreauricularThe conjunctival lymphatics are divided into two drainage pathways. The lymphatics from the lateral portion drain into the preauricular lymph nodes (in front of the ear), while those from the medial portion drain into the submandibular lymph nodes. Show less . . Q-44: Which part of the conjunctiva is a continuous circular cul-de-sac that allows the eyeball to move freely and is deepest in the superotemporal region? (NHRA optometry mcqs) a. Palpebral conjunctiva b. Bulbar conjunctiva c. Limbal conjunctiva d. Conjunctival fornix Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: d. Conjunctival fornixThe conjunctival fornix is the junctional region where the palpebral conjunctiva (lining the eyelid) reflects to become the bulbar conjunctiva (covering the eyeball). This loose, folded cul-de-sac provides the necessary slack for extensive eye movements. Show less . . Topic 12: The Lacrimal Apparatus Q-45: The main lacrimal gland is divided into two parts by the aponeurosis of which muscle? (Refractionist mcqs) a. Superior rectus b. Lateral rectus c. Levator palpebrae superioris d. Orbicularis oculi Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. Levator palpebrae superiorisThe main lacrimal gland is divided into a larger, superior orbital part and a smaller, inferior palpebral part by the lateral horn of the aponeurosis of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. Show less . . Q-46: Which layer of the tear film is secreted by the Meibomian, Zeis, and Moll glands and functions to prevent tear evaporation? (KMLTTB optometry mcqs) a. Aqueous layer b. Mucin layer c. Lipid layer d. Glycocalyx layer Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. Lipid layerThe outermost lipid layer of the tear film is an oily secretion produced by the Meibomian, Zeis, and Moll glands. This layer stabilizes the tear film and prevents rapid evaporation of the underlying aqueous layer. Show less . . Q-47: The nasolacrimal duct, the final part of the lacrimal drainage system, opens into which part of the nasal cavity? (Technical officer ophthalmology mcqs) a. Superior meatus b. Middle meatus c. Inferior meatus d. Sphenoethmoidal recess Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. Inferior meatusThe nasolacrimal duct travels from the lacrimal sac downwards, backwards, and laterally to open into the inferior meatus of the nose, under the inferior turbinate. This is where tears drain from the eye. Show less . . Q-48: What is the name of the mucosal fold at the lower end of the nasolacrimal duct that prevents air from entering the lacrimal sac when blowing the nose? (DOH optometry mcqs) a. Valve of Rosenmuller b. Valve of Hasner c. Sinus of Maier d. Lacrimal papilla Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. Valve of HasnerThe valve of Hasner is a mucosal flap at the nasal opening of the nasolacrimal duct. It acts as a one-way valve, preventing the retrograde flow of air and nasal secretions into the lacrimal drainage system. Show less . . Topic 13: The Eyelids Q-49: Which structure within the eyelid is a dense fibrous plate that provides its structural integrity and shape? a. Orbital septum b. Tarsal plate c. Orbicularis oculi d. Palpebral conjunctiva Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. Tarsal plateThe tarsal plates (or tarsi) are firm plates of dense connective tissue that form the "skeleton" of the eyelids. They give the lids their shape and firmness and house the Meibomian glands. Show less . . Q-50: The eyelid margin is divided into anterior and posterior portions by a landmark known as the: a. Punctum b. Lid fold c. Grey line d. Mucocutaneous junction Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: c. Grey lineThe grey line is an important surgical landmark on the intermarginal strip of the eyelid margin. It represents the most anterior part of the orbicularis muscle and divides the lid into an anterior and a posterior lamella. Show less . . Q-51: Which glands are modified sebaceous glands located within the tarsal plates, with their openings on the posterior lid margin, responsible for secreting the lipid layer of the tear film? a. Glands of Moll b. Glands of Zeis c. Glands of Krause d. Meibomian glands Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: d. Meibomian glandsThe Meibomian glands (or tarsal glands) are large sebaceous glands embedded vertically within the tarsal plates. They secrete sebum, the oily component that forms the superficial layer of the tear film, preventing its evaporation. Show less . . Q-52: Which two muscles are primarily responsible for opening and closing the eyelids, and what are their respective innervations? a. Orbicularis oculi (CN III) and Levator palpebrae superioris (CN VII) b. Orbicularis oculi (CN VII) and Levator palpebrae superioris (CN III) c. Frontalis (CN III) and Corrugator (CN VII) d. Müller's muscle (CN VII) and Levator palpebrae superioris (Sympathetic) Click "Show more" to see the answer and explanation. Show more Answer: b. Orbicularis oculi (CN VII) and Levator palpebrae superioris (CN III)Eyelid closure (blinking) is performed by the orbicularis oculi muscle, which is innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII). Eyelid opening is primarily performed by the levator palpebrae superioris muscle, innervated by the oculomotor nerve (CN III). Show less . . Check Our Courses: Ophthalmic Instrumentation, Clinical Refraction, Contact Lens, Binocular Vision, Dispensing Optics, MCQs in Optometry Download our App "Optometry Notes & MCQs" from Google Play Store.

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