- 22. Symptoms of corneal ulcer are following except:
- A. Mucopurulent discharge
- B. Pain in the eye
- C. Redness of the eye
- D. Watering
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Ans: Mucopurulent discharge
Explanation:
A corneal ulcer typically presents with pain, redness, and tearing (watering). Mucopurulent discharge is more commonly associated with bacterial conjunctivitis rather than a corneal ulcer.
- 23) Trachoma patient have inward turned eyelash that is
- (A) Entropion
- (B) Third stage of trachoma
- (C) Ectropion
- (D) Trichiasis
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Ans: (D) Trichiasis
Explanation:
Trichiasis refers to the misdirection of eyelashes toward the eye, which can occur in advanced stages of trachoma due to scarring of the eyelid.
- 24) Not an error of refraction is
- (A) Astigmatism
- (B) Hypermetropia
- (C) Myopia
- (D) Presbyopia
- (E) None of the above
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Ans: (D) Presbyopia
Explanation:
Presbyopia is a condition associated with aging, where the eye loses its ability to focus on near objects due to the hardening of the lens. It is not considered a true refractive error like myopia, hypermetropia, or astigmatism.
- 25) Objective study of the refraction is done by
- (A) Snellen’s chart
- (B) Synaptophore
- (C) Retinoscopy
- (D) Maddox rod test
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Ans: (C) Retinoscopy
Explanation:
Retinoscopy is an objective method to determine the refractive status of the eye by analyzing the reflection of light from the retina.
- 26) Magnification of direct ophthalmoscopy
- a. 5 X.
- b. 10 X.
- c. 12 X.
- d. 15X.
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Ans: d. 15X.
Explanation:
Direct ophthalmoscopy typically provides a magnification of around 15x, which allows detailed examination of the retina.
- 27. Lysozyme secreted by which gland
- A) Lacrimal
- B) Manz
- C) Wolfring
- D) Krause
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Ans: A) Lacrimal
Explanation:
Lysozyme, an enzyme with antibacterial properties, is secreted by the lacrimal glands in tears to help protect the eye from infections.
- 28. Earliest visual rehabilitation occurs with
- a. Phacoemulsification
- b. ICCE + IOL
- c. ECCE + IOL
- d. ICCE alone or laser
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Ans: Phacoemulsification
Explanation:
Phacoemulsification is a modern cataract surgery technique that allows for faster recovery of vision compared to other methods like ICCE (Intracapsular Cataract Extraction) and ECCE (Extracapsular Cataract Extraction).
- 29. One may perform poorly on a stereopsis test if
- a) Suppression of one eye
- b) Unequal retinal image quality in the two eyes
- c) Amblyopia
- d) All of the above
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Ans: d) All of the above
Explanation:
Stereopsis, or depth perception, requires proper binocular vision. Conditions like suppression, unequal retinal images (anisometropia), and amblyopia (lazy eye) can all affect stereopsis performance.
- 30) A patient’s manifest refraction in BE: -2.50DS. His PRA was found to be 6.50DS without correction. What is his amplitude of accommodation?
- a) 4.00D
- b) 5.00D
- c) 5.50D
- d) 6.50D
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Ans: d) 6.50D
To get AOA from PRA we can use the formula: AOA = PRA (without minus sign) + 2.50
Here PRA is 6.5D without correction. So actual PRA after subtraction of correction will be: 6.5 – 2.50 or 4.5D.
So, AOA will be AOA = 4.5 + 2.5 or 6.5D
- 31) A patient’s manifest refraction in BE: -2.00DS. Sustained blur was reported while adding minus lenses with -6.00DS. What is his amplitude of accommodation?
- A) 6.00D
- B) 6.50D
- C) 8.00D
- D) 8.50D
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Ans: B) 6.50D
Explanation:
To get AOA from PRA we can use the formula: AOA = PRA (without minus sign) + 2.50
Here PRA is 6.0 without correction. So, actual PRA after subtraction of correction will be: 6.0 – 2.00 or 4.0D.
So, AOA will be AOA = 4.0 + 2.5 or 6.5D
- 32) Three in one CL solution except
- a) Optifree
- b) Aqua lens
- c) Doxysept
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Ans: c) Doxysept
Explanation:
“Three in one” solutions are used for cleaning, disinfecting, and storing contact lenses. Doxysept is not a multipurpose solution but a disinfectant used in a specific type of system.
- 33) Suitable low vision aid for a patient with weak hand
- a) Stand Magnifier.
- b) Hand Magnifier
- c) Spectacle Magnifier
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Ans: c) Spectacle Magnifier
Explanation:
Spectacle magnifiers are hands-free and are ideal for patients with weak hands or limited dexterity, unlike hand-held magnifiers that require manual handling.
- 34. Fifth nerve palsy could cause:
- a. Ptosis.
- b. Proptosis.
- c. Neuropathic keratopathy.
- d. Lagophthalmos.
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Answer: c. Neuropathic keratopathy.
Explanation:
The fifth cranial nerve, also known as the trigeminal nerve, is responsible for sensation in the face, including the cornea. When the trigeminal nerve is affected, it can lead to neuropathic keratopathy (also known as neurotrophic keratopathy). This condition is characterized by a reduction or loss of corneal sensation, leading to impaired healing, corneal ulcers, and in severe cases, corneal perforation.
- 35. After 48 hours of a cataract extraction operation, a patient complained of ocular pain and visual loss. On examination, this eye looked red with ciliary injection, corneal oedema and absent red reflex. The first suspicion must be:
- a. Secondary glaucoma.
- b. Anterior uveitis
- c. Bacterial endophthalmitis.
- d. Acute conjunctivitis
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Ans: c. Bacterial endophthalmitis.
Explanation:
Bacterial endophthalmitis is a serious infection that can occur after cataract surgery. The symptoms described are typical of this condition and require immediate treatment.
- 36. Topical steroids are contraindicated in a case of viral corneal ulcer for fear of:
- a. Secondary glaucoma
- b. Cortical cataract.
- c. Corneal perforation
- d. Secondary viral infection.
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Answer: c. Corneal perforation
Explanation:
Topical steroids can worsen viral corneal ulcers by suppressing the immune response, leading to thinning and potential perforation of the cornea.
- 37. The sure diagnostic sign of corneal ulcer is
- a. Ciliary injection
- b. Blepharospasm
- c. Miosis
- d. Positive fluorescein test.
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Answer: d. Positive fluorescein test.
Explanation:
A positive fluorescein test, where fluorescein dye stains the ulcerated area of the cornea, is a definitive sign of a corneal ulcer.
- 38. The effective treatment of dendritic ulcer of the cornea is:
- a. Surface Anesthesia
- b. Local corticosteroids
- c. Systemic corticosteroids
- d. Acyclovir ointment
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Answer: d. Acyclovir ointment
Explanation:
Dendritic ulcers are caused by the herpes simplex virus and are effectively treated with antiviral medications like acyclovir.
- 39. Herpes simplex keratitis is characterized by:
- a. Presence of pus in AC
- b. No tendency to recurrence
- c. Corneal hypoesthesia
- d. Tendency to perforate
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Answer: c. Corneal hypoesthesia
Explanation:
Herpes simplex keratitis often leads to decreased corneal sensation (hypoesthesia), which is a distinguishing feature of this condition.
- 40. Bacteria, which can attack normal corneal epithelium:
- a. Neisseria gonorrhoea.
- b. Staphylococcal epidermidis.
- c. Moraxella lacunata.
- d. Staphylococcal aureus.
Click “Show more” to see the answer and explanation.
Ans: a. Neisseria gonorrhoea.
Explanation:
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is one of the few bacteria capable of penetrating an intact corneal epithelium, leading to severe eye infections.
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