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100 Most Important Indian Politics MCQs for Optometry Govt Exam
Indian Polity · Constitution · GK for DSSSB, AIIMS, NHM & All Govt Optometry Exams
⭐ 100 Questions
📖 With Explanations
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📚 Table of Contents
Q1–Q10: Emergency Provisions & Rights
Q11–Q20: Constituent Assembly & Reforms
Q21–Q30: Democracy & Party System
Q31–Q40: Parliament & Legislature
Q41–Q50: Lok Sabha & Rajya Sabha
Q51–Q60: Constitution & Rights
Q61–Q70: Duties, Writs & President
Q71–Q80: VP, Ministers & Judiciary
Q81–Q90: Supreme Court & State
Q91–Q100: Citizenship & DPSPs
🏛️ Q1–Q10 — Emergency Provisions & Fundamental Rights
Question 1
Article 359 of the Constitution authorizes the President of India to suspend the right to move any court for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights during: (Indian politics MCQ with answers)
✅ Correct Answer: A — A National Emergency. Article 359 grants the President the power to suspend the enforcement of Fundamental Rights. This extraordinary measure can only be invoked when a National Emergency is in operation under Article 352.
Question 2
The President of the Constituent Assembly of India was: (Indian politics MCQ with answers)
✅ Correct Answer: A — Dr. Rajendra Prasad. Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the permanent President of the Constituent Assembly. He played a crucial role in steering the assembly during the drafting of the Indian Constitution.
Question 3
The concept of “Procedure established by Law” as incorporated in the Constitution of India is borrowed from: (Indian politics MCQ with answers)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Japanese constitution. The framers of the Indian Constitution adopted the phrase “Procedure established by Law” from the Japanese Constitution. This principle restricts the power of the judiciary in reviewing legislative actions.
Question 4
In which Schedule of the Constitution of India is the division of powers between the Union and the States (Union List and State List) laid down? (Indian politics MCQ with answers)
✅ Correct Answer: C — Seventh Schedule. The Seventh Schedule contains three distinct lists that allocate legislative powers: the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List.
Question 5
Under which Article is the right to freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion mentioned? (Indian politics MCQ with answers)
✅ Correct Answer: B — Article 25. Article 25 guarantees all persons the freedom of conscience and the right to freely profess, practice, and propagate religion. This forms the bedrock of individual religious freedom in India.
Question 6
The duties of a Chief Minister with regard to furnishing information to the Governor are provided in: (Indian politics MCQ with answers)
✅ Correct Answer: C — Article 167. Article 167 specifically outlines the duties of the Chief Minister in communicating administrative and legislative proposals to the Governor, ensuring a constant flow of essential state information.
Question 7
Part XX of the Constitution of India, covered by Article 368, mentions: (Indian politics MCQ with answers)
✅ Correct Answer: B — Amendments of the constitution. Part XX of the Constitution is dedicated entirely to the amendment process. Article 368 details the specific powers and procedures Parliament must follow to amend constitutional provisions.
Question 8
The Concurrent List, freedom of trade and commerce, and joint sitting of the two houses of Parliament — these provisions in the Indian Constitution were borrowed from: (Indian politics MCQ with answers)
✅ Correct Answer: A — Australian constitution. The Indian Constitution borrowed the concept of the Concurrent List and provisions for a joint sitting of Parliament from Australia, facilitating shared legislative responsibilities.
Question 9
“The state does not owe loyalty to any particular religion; it is not irreligious or anti-religious; it gives equal freedom to all religious.” This definition by P.B. Gajendragadkar, former Chief Justice of India, defines: (Indian politics MCQ with answers)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Secularism. This quote encapsulates the Indian model of secularism — state neutrality toward religions while guaranteeing equal freedom to all faiths, without favoring or opposing any religion.
Question 10
The right to equal opportunity for all citizens in matters of public employment has been enshrined in: (Indian politics MCQ with answers)
✅ Correct Answer: A — Article 16. Article 16 ensures equality of opportunity in matters of public employment, prohibiting discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, or residence.
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📜 Q11–Q20 — Constituent Assembly, Reforms & International GK
Question 11
The Objectives Resolution was unanimously adopted by the Constituent Assembly on: (Indian polity GK questions and answers)
✅ Correct Answer: A — 22nd January 1947. Jawaharlal Nehru introduced the Objectives Resolution, which laid down the philosophical foundations of the Constitution. The Constituent Assembly officially adopted it on January 22, 1947.
Question 12
The Parliament works through committees which: (Indian polity GK questions and answers)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Both (A) and (B). Parliamentary committees are instrumental in shaping policy details and maintaining oversight of the executive. They provide a continuous mechanism for scrutinizing government actions.
Question 13
The Muslim League as a political party was founded in: (Indian polity GK questions and answers)
✅ Correct Answer: A — 1906. The All-India Muslim League was established in Dhaka in 1906. It was formed to safeguard the political rights and interests of Muslims in British India.
Question 14
The members of the State Legislature exercise control over the Council of Ministers through: (Indian polity GK questions and answers)
✅ Correct Answer: D — All of the above. State legislators use various parliamentary tools to hold the executive accountable — adjournment motions, direct criticism, and questioning all ensure the Council of Ministers remains responsible to the legislature.
Question 15
Mainstream Nationalism in India: (Indian polity GK questions and answers)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Aimed at emancipation from colonial rule. The primary driving force behind mainstream Indian nationalism was the collective desire for independence — to liberate the subcontinent from British colonial administration.
Question 16
The objective of the Morley-Minto Reforms was: (Indian polity GK questions and answers)
✅ Correct Answer: A — Extension of provincial assemblies. The Morley-Minto Reforms of 1909 significantly expanded the size of the legislative councils at both the central and provincial levels, allowing for greater Indian participation.
Question 17
The oath of office is administered to the President by: (Indian polity GK questions and answers)
✅ Correct Answer: B — The Chief Justice of India. The oath is administered by the Chief Justice of India, or in their absence, the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court.
Question 18
The most recently added official language of the United Nations is: (Indian polity GK questions and answers)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Arabic. Arabic was the most recent language to be added to the official languages of the United Nations. It was formally adopted by the General Assembly in 1973.
Question 19
In which country is there a federal government? (Indian polity GK questions and answers)
✅ Correct Answer: B — USA. The United States operates under a federal system of government. Power is constitutionally divided between the national government and the individual state governments.
Question 20
In which form of government are the rulers elected by the people? (Indian polity GK questions and answers)
✅ Correct Answer: B — Democratic. Democracy fundamentally rests on the principle of popular sovereignty — citizens have the power to elect their leaders through free and fair elections.
🗳️ Q21–Q30 — Democracy, Indian Constitution & Party System
Question 21
In a ________ government, the final decision-making power must rest with those elected by the people. (Indian Constitution MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Democratic. A core tenet of genuine democracy is that true political authority lies with the people’s representatives. Unelected bodies cannot hold final decision-making dominance over elected officials.
Question 22
In which of the following countries are judges of the federal court appointed by the two houses of the Federal Legislature? (Indian Constitution MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: D — 1 and 2 both (Switzerland & Germany). Both Switzerland and Germany utilize their legislative branches in the judicial appointment process, ensuring democratic oversight of the highest courts.
Question 23
Which was the first non-communist country to recognize Communist China in 1950? (Indian Constitution MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: B — India. India became the first non-communist nation to establish formal diplomatic relations with the People’s Republic of China shortly after the Chinese Communist Party took power in 1949.
Question 24
Which of the following recommended the Three Language Formula? (Indian Constitution MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Kothari Commission. The Kothari Commission strongly advocated for the three-language formula in Indian education, aiming to promote multilingualism and national integration.
Question 25
In which year was there dominance of one party in India? (Indian Constitution MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: C — 1962. 1962 falls within the era of the “Congress System” or one-party dominance. During this period, the Indian National Congress held an overwhelming majority at both central and state levels.
Question 26
Indian National Congress is a part of which political group? (Indian Constitution MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: A — United Progressive Alliance (UPA). The Indian National Congress leads the UPA, a coalition of center-left political parties formed after the 2004 general elections.
Question 27
Who can initiate the process of removal of the President before the expiry of his term? (Indian Constitution MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Member of Parliament. The impeachment process of the President can be initiated by either house of Parliament. Any Member of Parliament can introduce a resolution for removal, provided it meets the required support threshold.
Question 28
What is the meaning of “Prorogation” in terms of Parliament? (Indian Constitution MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: A — End of session of Parliament. Prorogation refers to the formal termination of a session of Parliament by the President. It differs from adjournment, which only pauses a daily sitting.
Question 29
Parliament of India includes: (Indian Constitution MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: A — President, Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. The Parliament of India is a bicameral legislature with a constitutional head. It consists of the President of India and the two houses: Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha.
Question 30
Who is the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha? (Indian Constitution MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: C — Vice President of India. The Vice-President of India serves as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, presiding over the upper house and ensuring orderly legislative proceedings.
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🏦 Q31–Q40 — Parliament, Lok Sabha & Rajya Sabha
Question 31
Who approves a bill as a Money Bill in Lok Sabha? (Indian polity MCQ for competitive exams)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Speaker. The Speaker of the Lok Sabha holds the exclusive authority to certify whether a bill is a Money Bill. This certification is final and cannot be challenged in any court.
Question 32
The discussion on any matter of urgent public importance presented by any member of the house is known as: (Indian polity MCQ for competitive exams)
✅ Correct Answer: A — Adjournment motion. An adjournment motion is introduced to draw the immediate attention of the house to a definite matter of urgent public importance, effectively interrupting normal parliamentary business.
Question 33
The number of parliamentary seats (Lok Sabha) of Andhra Pradesh is: (Indian polity MCQ for competitive exams)
✅ Correct Answer: D — 25. Following the reorganization of the state, Andhra Pradesh was allocated 25 seats in the Lok Sabha, based on the state’s population demographics.
Question 34
In India, no government expenditure can be made without approval of: (Indian polity MCQ for competitive exams)
✅ Correct Answer: A — Parliament. The principle of parliamentary control over public finance is foundational in India. The executive cannot draw funds from the Consolidated Fund of India without explicit legislative authorization.
Question 35
_______ can give the Union Parliament power to make laws on matters included in the State List. (Indian polity MCQ for competitive exams)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Rajya Sabha. Under Article 249, the Rajya Sabha can empower Parliament to legislate on a State List subject by passing a resolution by two-thirds majority declaring it necessary in the national interest.
Question 36
Who decides the salary and allowances of the Speaker of the Lok Sabha? (Indian polity MCQ for competitive exams)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Parliament. The Constitution explicitly grants Parliament the authority to determine the salaries and allowances of its presiding officers. These expenditures are charged upon the Consolidated Fund of India.
Question 37
Lok Sabha Secretariat comes under the direct control of: (Indian polity MCQ for competitive exams)
✅ Correct Answer: C — Speaker of Lok Sabha. The Lok Sabha Secretariat functions independently of the executive branch, operating directly under the guidance and administrative control of the Speaker.
Question 38
The Speaker’s vote in the Lok Sabha is called: (Indian polity MCQ for competitive exams)
✅ Correct Answer: A — Casting vote. The Speaker does not vote in the first instance during regular parliamentary divisions. They exercise a “casting vote” only to resolve a tie between the government and the opposition.
Question 39
The number of parliamentary seats (Lok Sabha) of Karnataka is: (Indian polity MCQ for competitive exams)
✅ Correct Answer: C — 28. The state of Karnataka is currently represented by 28 members in the Lok Sabha, covering the entirety of the state’s electoral map.
Question 40
The number of parliamentary seats (Rajya Sabha) of Tamil Nadu is: (Indian polity MCQ for competitive exams)
✅ Correct Answer: C — 18. Tamil Nadu is allocated 18 seats in the Rajya Sabha. These members are elected indirectly by the state’s legislative assembly.
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⚖️ Q41–Q50 — Lok Sabha Seats, Constitution & Finance
Question 41
Indian Parliament is capable of making any law for any state, if: (Indian politics objective questions for UPSC / SSC)
✅ Correct Answer: D — 1 and 2 both. Parliament’s legislative scope expands during a National Emergency (Art. 352) and it can also legislate on state subjects if two or more state legislatures pass resolutions requesting such central legislation.
Question 42
Total parliamentary seats (Lok Sabha constituencies) in West Bengal are: (Indian politics objective questions for UPSC / SSC)
✅ Correct Answer: A — 42. West Bengal holds a significant share of electoral representation with 42 Lok Sabha seats, making it a critical state in national elections.
Question 43
Total parliamentary seats (Rajya Sabha constituencies) in Odisha are: (Indian politics objective questions for UPSC / SSC)
✅ Correct Answer: C — 10. The state of Odisha sends exactly 10 representatives to the Rajya Sabha. They serve staggered six-year terms in the upper house.
Question 44
Total parliamentary seats (Rajya Sabha) in Tripura are: (Indian politics objective questions for UPSC / SSC)
✅ Correct Answer: B — 1. Tripura, being a smaller northeastern state by population, is allocated a single seat in the Rajya Sabha, ensuring state-level representation at the federal level.
Question 45
The maximum number of elected members of Lok Sabha can be: (Indian politics objective questions for UPSC / SSC)
✅ Correct Answer: D — 550. The maximum elected members specifically (530 from states + 20 from union territories = 550). The constitutional maximum including nominated members is 552.
Question 46
Who among the following was the first Minister of Finance in independent India? (Indian politics objective questions for UPSC / SSC)
✅ Correct Answer: A — R.K. Shanmukham Chetty. R.K. Shanmukham Chetty served as the first Finance Minister of independent India and was responsible for presenting the first national budget in November 1947.
Question 47
Which of the following was NOT a member of the Drafting Committee of the Constitution? (Indian politics objective questions for UPSC / SSC)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Rajendra Prasad. Dr. Rajendra Prasad served as the President of the Constituent Assembly but was NOT a member of the Drafting Committee. The Drafting Committee was chaired by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.
Question 48
In India, single citizenship has been adopted from: (Indian politics objective questions for UPSC / SSC)
✅ Correct Answer: A — England. India adopted the principle of single citizenship from the British constitutional system. All Indians are citizens of India, with no separate state citizenship unlike the USA model.
Question 49
Sovereign Parliament is a contribution of: (Indian politics objective questions for UPSC / SSC)
✅ Correct Answer: A — England. The concept of a strictly sovereign parliament originated in England. While India has a parliament, its sovereignty is limited by a written constitution and judicial review.
Question 50
Which of the following judgements stated that ‘Secularism’ and ‘Federalism’ are the basic features of the Indian Constitution? (Indian politics objective questions for UPSC / SSC)
✅ Correct Answer: B — S.R. Bommai case. In the landmark S.R. Bommai v. Union of India case, the Supreme Court explicitly declared secularism and federalism as part of the basic structure of the Constitution.
📋 Q51–Q60 — Constitution, Publications & Fundamental Rights
Question 51
The Constituent Assembly which enacted the Constitution of India — its members were: (Top 100 Indian polity MCQs)
✅ Correct Answer: B — Elected by the legislative assemblies of different provinces. Members were indirectly elected by provincial legislative assembly members using the single transferable vote system — not via universal adult franchise.
Question 52
The original Constitution of India was published in? (Top 100 Indian polity MCQs)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Dehradun. The original copies of the Indian Constitution were physically published in Dehradun by the Survey of India, which handled the photolithography process for the document.
Question 53
The original 1950 Constitution of India is preserved in: (Top 100 Indian polity MCQs)
✅ Correct Answer: C — Parliament House. The original handwritten copies of the Constitution are carefully preserved in helium-filled cases located in the library of Parliament House in New Delhi.
Question 54
Which of the following Acts suggested the post of Comptroller and Auditor General? (Top 100 Indian polity MCQs)
✅ Correct Answer: B — Act of 1919. The Government of India Act 1919 provided statutory backing to the Auditor General, insulating the post from direct executive interference.
Question 55
The Westminster parliamentary system was developed in: (Top 100 Indian polity MCQs)
✅ Correct Answer: C — UK. The Westminster system refers to the democratic parliamentary model originating in the United Kingdom. It features a head of state distinct from the head of government.
Question 56
The chapter on Fundamental Duties includes: (Top 100 Indian polity MCQs)
✅ Correct Answer: A. Article 51A outlines Fundamental Duties, including cherishing the ideals of the national freedom struggle. Paying taxes or voting are NOT explicitly listed under these constitutional duties.
Question 57
The “Freedom of Press” is mentioned in which of the following rights? (Top 100 Indian polity MCQs)
✅ Correct Answer: B — Right to expression. The Indian Constitution does not explicitly mention “freedom of press,” but the Supreme Court has ruled it is implicitly protected under Article 19(1)(a) — freedom of speech and expression.
Question 58
How many Fundamental Rights were there in the beginning? (Top 100 Indian polity MCQs)
✅ Correct Answer: B — Seven. The original Constitution enacted in 1950 contained seven Fundamental Rights. The Right to Property was later removed from this list by the 44th Amendment in 1978, leaving six.
Question 59
What Constitutional provision enables the Central Government to provide reservations in jobs and educational institutions for weaker sections of society? (Top 100 Indian polity MCQs)
✅ Correct Answer: B — Article 16. Article 16(4) explicitly permits the state to make provisions for reservation in appointments. This is intended for any backward class not adequately represented in state services.
Question 60
Which one of the following is an item included in the list of Fundamental Duties of an Indian citizen? (Top 100 Indian polity MCQs)
✅ Correct Answer: B. Developing a scientific temper and humanism is a specific civic duty listed under Article 51A. It encourages rational thinking and progress among citizens.
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⚖️ Q61–Q70 — Fundamental Duties, Writs & President
Question 61
Which of the following does NOT come under Fundamental Duty? (Indian politics general knowledge quiz)
✅ Correct Answer: D. Protecting freedom of speech is a Fundamental RIGHT guaranteed to the citizen, not a Fundamental Duty demanded of them. The other options are explicitly listed duties under Part IVA of the Constitution.
Question 62
Fill in the blank: “Rights _____ duties.” (Indian politics general knowledge quiz)
✅ Correct Answer: B — Direct. In political theory, rights and duties are inherently intertwined. The possession of rights directly implies an obligation to observe corresponding duties.
Question 63
How many writs can be issued by the Supreme Court? (Indian politics general knowledge quiz)
✅ Correct Answer: C — 5. The Supreme Court is empowered under Article 32 to issue five specific types of writs: Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, and Quo Warranto.
Question 64
Which type of writ is NOT issued under the Indian Constitution? (Indian politics general knowledge quiz)
✅ Correct Answer: C — Injunction. An injunction is a common legal remedy, but it is NOT classified as a constitutional writ under Article 32 or 226. Mandamus, Prohibition, and Certiorari are specific prerogative writs defined in the Constitution.
Question 65
Who administers the oath of office to the President? (Indian politics general knowledge quiz)
✅ Correct Answer: A — Chief Justice of India. The CJI is constitutionally mandated to administer the oath to the incoming President. If absent, the senior-most Supreme Court judge performs this duty.
Question 66
The impeachment process of the President of India is adopted from: (Indian politics general knowledge quiz)
✅ Correct Answer: A — USA. The framers modeled presidential impeachment after the United States Constitution. It provides a stringent legislative mechanism to remove the head of state for constitutional violations.
Question 67
Which of the following statements is NOT correct about the Vice-President? (Indian politics general knowledge quiz)
✅ Correct Answer: D. When the Vice-President acts as the President, they assume all powers and immunities of the President directly. They do NOT nominate another person to perform these duties.
Question 68
Articles 74 and 75 of the Indian Constitution deal with matters of: (Indian politics general knowledge quiz)
✅ Correct Answer: A — Council of Ministers. Articles 74 and 75 provide the framework for the parliamentary system at the center, defining the status, appointment, and collective responsibility of the Council of Ministers headed by the PM.
Question 69
The Council of Ministers does NOT include: (Indian politics general knowledge quiz)
✅ Correct Answer: C — Cabinet Secretary. The Cabinet Secretary is a high-ranking civil servant (not a political appointee) who heads the administrative secretariat. The Council of Ministers consists purely of political executives.
Question 70
The Attorney General of India has the power to appear in: (Indian politics general knowledge quiz)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Any Court in India. As the highest law officer, the Attorney General enjoys a unique constitutional privilege — the right of audience in all courts within the territory of India while discharging their duties.
⚖️ Q71–Q80 — President, Vice-President, Judiciary & Courts
Question 71
The President can forward his resignation to whom? (Important political science MCQs for govt jobs)
✅ Correct Answer: C — Vice-President. If the President wishes to resign before their term expires, they must address the resignation letter to the Vice-President of India, who is then obligated to immediately inform the Speaker of the Lok Sabha.
Question 72
The Vice-President is the ex-officio Chairman of: (Important political science MCQs for govt jobs)
✅ Correct Answer: A — Rajya Sabha. The Constitution explicitly designates the Vice-President as the ex-officio Chairman of the Council of States (Rajya Sabha), mirroring the role of the Vice President in the US Senate.
Question 73
According to the Indian Constitution, a Central Minister holds his post at the will of: (Important political science MCQs for govt jobs)
✅ Correct Answer: A — President of India. Article 75 states that union ministers hold office during the pleasure of the President. In practice, this pleasure is exercised exclusively on the advice of the Prime Minister.
Question 74
Who was the first woman Chief Justice of a High Court of a state in India? (Important political science MCQs for govt jobs)
✅ Correct Answer: C — Leila Seth. Justice Leila Seth made history by becoming the first female Chief Justice of an Indian state High Court, appointed to head the Himachal Pradesh High Court.
Question 75
The High Court which has the distinction of having the first woman Chief Justice is: (Important political science MCQs for govt jobs)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Himachal Pradesh High Court. This court achieved this unique distinction when Justice Leila Seth assumed the office of Chief Justice — a significant milestone for gender representation in Indian judiciary.
Question 76
All of the following are the aims of Lok Adalat, EXCEPT: (Important political science MCQs for govt jobs)
✅ Correct Answer: C. Lok Adalats are alternative dispute resolution mechanisms for speedy and amicable settlements — not platforms for political governance. They focus on minimizing legal costs and clearing backlogs.
Question 77
Where were the High Courts in India first set up? (Important political science MCQs for govt jobs)
✅ Correct Answer: B — Bombay, Madras, Calcutta. The Indian High Courts Act of 1861 authorized the establishment of High Courts in the three major presidency towns. The first High Courts were set up in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras in 1862.
Question 78
_______ means cases that can be directly considered by the Supreme Court without going to lower courts first. (Important political science MCQs for govt jobs)
✅ Correct Answer: A — Original Jurisdiction. Original jurisdiction grants a court the power to hear a case for the very first time, bypassing the appeals process. In the Supreme Court, this primarily involves fundamental rights enforcement and federal disputes.
Question 79
The power of mitigation of disputes between Centre and State falls in ______ of the Supreme Court of India: (Important political science MCQs for govt jobs)
✅ Correct Answer: A — Original Jurisdiction. Article 131 gives the Supreme Court exclusive original jurisdiction over disputes between the Union government and one or more states. No other court can entertain such federal conflicts.
Question 80
The Supreme Court of India acts as a Federal Court when it deals with: (Important political science MCQs for govt jobs)
✅ Correct Answer: B — Interstate disputes. A key characteristic of a federal court is its ability to adjudicate conflicts between constituent units of the federation. The SC fulfills this role when resolving disputes between different state governments.
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🏛️ Q81–Q90 — Supreme Court, State Theory & Citizenship
Question 81
The interpreter of the Indian Constitution is: (GK questions on Indian government and politics)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Supreme Court. The Supreme Court is the ultimate judicial authority and final interpreter of the Constitution. Its rulings on constitutional meaning and scope are binding on all other courts and authorities within India.
Question 82
The Supreme Court of India has: (GK questions on Indian government and politics)
✅ Correct Answer: D. The Supreme Court wields a wide array of powers. It functions as a court of first instance, the highest court of appeal, and an advisor to the President — making it one of the most powerful courts globally.
Question 83
Indian Parliament can rename or redefine the boundary of a State by: (GK questions on Indian government and politics)
✅ Correct Answer: A — A simple majority. Under Article 3, Parliament can alter state boundaries or names through ordinary legislative processes, requiring only a simple majority in both houses — not a constitutional amendment.
Question 84
Which of the following is under the State? (GK questions on Indian government and politics)
✅ Correct Answer: C. A true sovereign state possesses absolute legal authority within its borders (internal sovereignty) and operates independently in global affairs (external sovereignty). Both are necessary characteristics of independent nationhood.
Question 85
Which one of the following is NOT an element of the State? (GK questions on Indian government and politics)
✅ Correct Answer: C — Army. In political science, the four universally recognized elements of a state are population, territory, government, and sovereignty. While an army is an instrument of state power, it is NOT a foundational element.
Question 86
Which of the following is an essential element of the State? (GK questions on Indian government and politics)
✅ Correct Answer: D — All these. A state cannot exist in international law without a defined physical territory, a resident population, a functioning government, and supreme sovereign authority. All these combined constitute a political entity of a state.
Question 87
Which of the following is NOT an essential element of the state? (GK questions on Indian government and politics)
✅ Correct Answer: B — Administration. While government is an essential element, “administration” refers to the specific bureaucratic machinery running day-to-day affairs. A state remains a state even if its specific administration changes.
Question 88
The State operates through: (GK questions on Indian government and politics)
✅ Correct Answer: C — Government. The government is the functional agency or physical embodiment of the state. It is the institution through which the abstract entity of the state formulates, expresses, and executes its will.
Question 89
Indian Citizenship is granted by: (GK questions on Indian government and politics)
✅ Correct Answer: C — Ministry of Home Affairs. The executive power to grant, manage, and revoke citizenship lies with the central government. The Ministry of Home Affairs processes applications and grants citizenship under the Citizenship Act.
Question 90
Formation of a new state in India is done by: (GK questions on Indian government and politics)
✅ Correct Answer: B — Simple Majority. Parliament has the power to form new states under Article 3. The bill only requires a simple majority vote by members present and voting in Parliament — not a special constitutional amendment majority.
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📜 Q91–Q100 — States, Citizenship, DPSPs & Welfare State
Question 91
The unification of Karnataka was achieved in the year: (Previous year Indian polity questions MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: A — 1956. The state of Mysore (later Karnataka) was significantly expanded to include Kannada-speaking regions under the States Reorganisation Act on November 1, 1956.
Question 92
Match the following: (1) Acquisition of Indian Citizenship → (2) Loss of Indian Citizenship → (3) Fundamental Right: (a) By deprivation (b) Equality before law (c) By Registration (Previous year Indian polity questions MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: A — 1-c, 2-a, 3-b. Citizenship can be acquired through registration (c) and lost through deprivation (a). Equality before the law is a fundamental constitutional right guaranteed under Article 14 (b).
Question 93
If the Directive Principles of State Policy have not been enforced by the government, where can citizens go? (Previous year Indian polity questions MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: D — None of these. Directive Principles of State Policy are explicitly non-justiciable under Article 37. Citizens cannot approach any court to mandate the government to legally enforce or implement them.
Question 94
Which Directive Principle has a direct impact of the moral philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi? (Previous year Indian polity questions MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: C — Ban on Cow Slaughter. Article 48 directs the state to prohibit the slaughter of cows and draught cattle. This provision was heavily influenced by Gandhian ideology regarding animal husbandry and non-violence.
Question 95
In which state of India is there a Uniform Civil Code? (Previous year Indian polity questions MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Goa. Goa is the only Indian state to implement a Uniform Civil Code for all its citizens, a legacy of Portuguese colonial rule. It applies common family law to all residents regardless of religious affiliation.
Question 96
Who said “Ram rule through village rule”? (Previous year Indian polity questions MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: A — Mahatma Gandhi. Mahatma Gandhi was a staunch advocate of decentralization and Gram Swaraj (village self-rule). He believed true independence meant self-sustaining and self-governing village republics.
Question 97
Which part of the Constitution relates to the Directive Principles of State Policy? (Previous year Indian polity questions MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: B — Part IV. Part IV of the Indian Constitution, spanning Articles 36 to 51, lays down the Directive Principles of State Policy — intended to guide the state in establishing a just social and economic order.
Question 98
Ideas of a welfare state are contained in: (Previous year Indian polity questions MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: B — Directive Principles of State Policy. The Directive Principles embody the concept of a welfare state, aiming to secure social and economic justice. Unlike a police state focused only on law and order, a welfare state actively promotes citizen well-being.
Question 99
Which part of the Constitution ensures Social and Economic Democracy? (Previous year Indian polity questions MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: C — Directive Principles of State Policy. While Fundamental Rights establish political democracy, the Directive Principles are designed to promote social and economic democracy, mandating the state to minimize inequalities in income, status, and opportunities.
Question 100
Which of the following ensures economic justice to Indian citizens? (Previous year Indian polity questions MCQ)
✅ Correct Answer: D — Directive Principles of State Policy. The Directive Principles mandate the state to direct its policies toward securing adequate means of livelihood and equitable resource distribution — the primary constitutional tool for achieving economic justice.
