DSSSB Previous Year MCQs: Clinical Refraction
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Q-1: A near dynamic retinoscopy, which shows a high lag of accommodation, indicates: (2024) (DSSSB Optometrist Previous MCQs)
a. Accommodative insufficiency
b. Accommodative infacility
c. Pseudo-myopia
d. Accommodative spasm
Answer: a. Accommodative insufficiency
Dynamic retinoscopy objectively measures the accommodative response. A high lag of accommodation, meaning the eye focuses further behind the near target than normal, directly indicates that the patient’s accommodative system is underperforming or insufficient for near tasks.
Dynamic retinoscopy objectively measures the accommodative response. A high lag of accommodation, meaning the eye focuses further behind the near target than normal, directly indicates that the patient’s accommodative system is underperforming or insufficient for near tasks.
Q-2: With regard to retinoscopy, which of the following statements is NOT true? (2019) (DSSSB Optometrist Previous MCQs)
a. The reflex moves rapidly as we approach the point of neutralisation
b. The reflex is dull in high refractive errors
c. Moving towards the patient produces against movement in all meridians
d. At the point of neutralizsation, the patient’s retina is conjugate with the examiner’s retina
Answer: c. Moving towards the patient produces against movement in all meridians
In retinoscopy, decreasing the working distance by moving closer to the patient effectively adds plus dioptric power to the optical system. This shift reliably induces a ‘with’ movement rather than an ‘against’ movement. Therefore, the claim that it produces an ‘against’ movement is optically incorrect.
In retinoscopy, decreasing the working distance by moving closer to the patient effectively adds plus dioptric power to the optical system. This shift reliably induces a ‘with’ movement rather than an ‘against’ movement. Therefore, the claim that it produces an ‘against’ movement is optically incorrect.
Q-3: Which technique provides a quick, repeatable, and valid means for establishing the accuracy of the patient’s accommodation system, even with dilation? (2024) (DSSSB Optometrist Previous MCQs)
a. Keratometry
b. Dynamic retinoscopy
c. Tonometry
d. Static retinoscopy
Answer: b. Dynamic retinoscopy
Dynamic retinoscopy is specifically designed to assess the eye while it is actively accommodating on a near target. It is a highly effective, objective clinical tool to evaluate the accuracy, lag, or lead of the accommodative response in real-time.
Dynamic retinoscopy is specifically designed to assess the eye while it is actively accommodating on a near target. It is a highly effective, objective clinical tool to evaluate the accuracy, lag, or lead of the accommodative response in real-time.
Q-4: Name the refractive error noted due to excessive accommodation and spasms of accommodation. (2024) (DSSSB Optometrist Previous MCQs)
a. Hyperopia
b. Presbyopia
c. Pseudo Myopia
d. Night Myopia
Answer: c. Pseudo Myopia
Pseudo myopia is a temporary, false myopic shift caused by a spasm of the ciliary muscle from excessive accommodation. It mimics true myopia during standard visual acuity testing but can be differentiated through cycloplegic refraction, which relaxes the spasm.
Pseudo myopia is a temporary, false myopic shift caused by a spasm of the ciliary muscle from excessive accommodation. It mimics true myopia during standard visual acuity testing but can be differentiated through cycloplegic refraction, which relaxes the spasm.
Q-5: With regard to the pin-hole, which option is NOT true? (2019) (DSSSB Optometrist Previous MCQs)
a. In macular diseases, the visual acuity decreases with the use of pinhole
b. No improvement in vision always indicates the presence of macular disease
c. If a pinhole is too small, it can affect vision through interference
d. It cannot improve vision in patients with hazy media
Answer: b. No improvement in vision always indicates the presence of macular disease
While a lack of visual improvement with a pinhole can indeed suggest macular pathology, it is not an absolute rule. Failure to improve can also result from severe media opacities, dense cataracts, amblyopia, or significant optic nerve diseases.
While a lack of visual improvement with a pinhole can indeed suggest macular pathology, it is not an absolute rule. Failure to improve can also result from severe media opacities, dense cataracts, amblyopia, or significant optic nerve diseases.
Want to test your knowledge further?
Our complete course features hundreds of in-depth MCQs covering critical optometry topics such as:
- Calculating spherical equivalents for spherocylindrical prescriptions
- Visual acuity assessment and the Sheridan-Gardiner test
- Plane mirror retinoscopy and interpretation of reflex movements
- Working distance lens calculations and dioptric equivalents
- Classification of true structural refractive errors vs. physiological presbyopia
- Jackson Cross Cylinder design and proper power notation
- Classifications of hypermetropia (manifest, latent, facultative, absolute)
- Stenopaeic slit applications in subjective refraction
- LogMAR visual acuity scale and fractional conversions
- Essential prerequisites and required instrumentation for retinoscopy
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