Ocular Anatomy MCQs for BFUHS Ophthalmic Officer 2026: Previous Year Questions & Answers

💡 Explanation (Answer: B)

Travoprost is a prostaglandin analogue that is inherently pro-inflammatory, increasing the risk of developing cystoid macular edema and anterior uveitis. Preferred anti-glaucoma drugs post-cataract surgery are aqueous suppressants like beta-blockers (e.g., Timolol) or carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (e.g., Dorzolamide).

💡 Explanation (Answer: D)

Cycloplegic drugs paralyze the ciliary muscle to inhibit accommodation, while Pilocarpine is a cholinergic agonist that stimulates the ciliary muscle. Pilocarpine induces accommodation and pupil constriction, making it a miotic rather than a cycloplegic agent.

💡 Explanation (Answer: A)

Tropicamide is a parasympatholytic drug with the shortest duration of action among standard mydriatics, lasting 4 to 6 hours. It is preferred for routine dilated fundus examinations due to its rapid onset and quick recovery time compared to stronger cycloplegics like Atropine.

💡 Explanation (Answer: A)

Prolonged use of topical corticosteroids is a well-documented risk factor for the development of posterior subcapsular cataracts. This type of cataract causes significant visual disability due to glare and requires careful monitoring during steroid therapy.

💡 Explanation (Answer: A)

Atropine is the most potent and long-acting cycloplegic agent, with effects on accommodation and pupil dilation persisting for 1 to 2 weeks. Tropicamide and cyclopentolate wear off much faster, making Atropine the longest-acting option.

💡 Explanation (Answer: C)

When a patient is vomiting, oral medications like glycerol or acetazolamide cannot be absorbed or tolerated. Intravenous Mannitol is the hyperosmotic agent of choice in this emergency to rapidly lower intraocular pressure by dehydrating the vitreous.

💡 Explanation (Answer: C)

Acetyl cysteine is a mucolytic agent, not a viscoelastic. Viscoelastic substances are used in ophthalmic surgeries to maintain the anterior chamber, whereas acetyl cysteine is used to treat mucus-related eye conditions.

💡 Explanation (Answer: D)

Prednisolone acetate is a potent corticosteroid with strong anti-inflammatory properties. It is considered the gold standard for managing severe ocular inflammation due to its excellent ocular penetration and efficacy.

💡 Explanation (Answer: C)

Atropine is used for myopia control, cycloplegia in uveitis, and wet retinoscopy in children. Penalization therapy for amblyopia typically involves blurring vision in the non-amblyopic (good) eye to force use of the amblyopic eye, not blurring the amblyopic eye itself.

💡 Explanation (Answer: A)

Steroid eye drops suppress the immune response and can worsen corneal ulcers by promoting microbial growth. They are contraindicated in active infective corneal ulcers as they mask symptoms and delay healing.